Abaturarwanda Bagerageza Kwiyahura Bikubye Gatatu Kuva Mu 2019

Imibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu Gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC) igaragaza ko kuva mu 2019, imibare y’abaturarwanda bagerageza kwiyahura kubera impamvu zitandukanye yikubye inshuro zirenga eshatu, iva ku bantu 813 igera kuri 2746 mu 2022.

RBC igaragaza ko kwiyongera kw’iyi mibare bifitanye isano n’ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, byatijwe umurindi n’icyorezo cya COVID-19.

Mu kiganiro IGIHE yagiranye n’Umuyobozi muri RBC ushinzwe ubuvuzi bw’indwara zo mu mutwe, Dr. Jean Damascène Iyamuremye, yavuze ko iyi mibare bayikesha ibitaro byo hirya no hino mu Gihugu byagiye byakira abantu babigejejweho bashatse kwiyahura ariko ubuzima bwabo bukaramirwa.

Ati ‘‘Hari ubusesenguzi bw’imibare duhabwa n’ibitaro, cyane cyane nyuma y’uko habayeho icyorezo cya Covid-19. Niho twagiye kubona tubona imibare y’abantu bagerageza kwiyahura yikubye inshuro eshatu ugereranyije n’imibare twabaga dufite mbere y’uko Covid-19 iza.’’

‘‘Urumva rero ko harimo ikibazo kandi kwiyahura ubundi biba bifitanye isano no kugira agahinda gakabije. (…) ikigaragara niba ikibazo kibonetse, urabizi ko n’abantu benshi b’Abanyarwanda ari urubyiruko, birumvikana ko muri urwo rubyiruko ari ho harimo n’abantu benshi muri iyo mibare dufite.’’

Imibare IGIHE yahawe na RBC, igaragaza ko abagerageje kwiyahura ariko bagahabwa ubufasha mu bitaro byo hirya no hino mu gihugu ari 813 mu mwaka wa 2019, mu 2020 baba 1728, naho mu 2021 baba 2554, ni mu gihe iyi mibare yaje kuzamuka mu 2022 bakagera ku 2746.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima (RBC) mu 2018, bwagaragaje ko abaturarwanda 11,9% bafite indwara y’agahinda gakabije, naho 35% mu barokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ni bo bafite iyi ndwara.

Bwagaragaje ko umuntu umwe muri batanu afite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe bumwe cyangwa bwinshi, ni mu gihe urubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 14 na 18 rufite ibibazo byo mu mutwe ku rwego rwa 10%.

Ubu bushakashatsi kandi bugaragaza ko Abanyarwanda bazi ko servisi z’ubuvuzi bw’indwara zo mu mutwe zitangwa ari 61,7% ariko 5,3% gusa akaba ari bo bajya kuzishaka, imibare bigaragazwa ko ikiri hasi cyane.

Ni iki kiri gukururira abantu gushaka kwiyahura?

Raporo yo mu 2021 y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), igaragaza ko abantu 703.000 biyahura buri mwaka ku Isi yose, ndetse ko abafite ibyago byinshi byo kwiyahura ari abafite ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe cyane cyane ibyabateye agahinda gakabije ndetse n’abakoresha ibiyobyabwenge.

Ni mu gihe iri shami rigaragaza ko umunsi ku wundi abatuye Isi bibasirwa n’agahinda gakabije, ku buryo mu 2030 indwara zifitanye isano na ko ari zo zizaba ziri imbere mu guhitana abantu benshi ku Isi.

OMS yagaragaje kandi ko abantu bari mu bushomeri, abafite amakimbirane yo mu miryango, abarwaye indwara zidakira, abadafite aho baba n’abari mu magereza bari mu bibasiwe cyane n’agahinda gakabije, ibibashyira mu cyiciro cy’abafite ibyago byinshi byo kwiyahura mu gihe baba bamaze kurengwa na ko.

Mu 2021 OMS yagaragaje kandi ko kwiyahura biza ku mwanya wa kane mu mpamvu zitera impfu mu rubyiruko rwo ku Isi ruri hagati y’imyaka 15 na 29, ni mu gihe muri Werurwe 2023 yagaragaje ko abantu miliyoni 280 batuye Isi bari mu gahinda gakabije.

Abajijwe niba RBC yaba ifite ubusesenguzi ku cyihishe inyuma y’ubwiyongere bw’Abaturarwanda bagerageza kwiyahura ndetse n’abafite agahinda gakabike, Dr. Iyamuremye yavuze ko bigoye mu gihe hatarakorwa ubundi bushakashatsi, ariko ko akenshi biterwa n’igihe umuntu atekereza ko ubuzima buri kumukomerera bikamuzanira agahinda gashobora no kumugeza ku kwiyahura.

Ati ‘‘Kuva umuntu atarakora ubushakashatsi biragoye kuvuga ngo ni iki, ariko wenda hari ibintu byinshi bituma umuntu agira agahinda gakabije. N’ubundi ni ukuvuga ngo ikihe cyose umuntu atekereza ko ubuzima burimo kumukomerera, hanyuma noneho akumva nyine ubuzima buramushaririye, icyo ni kimwe.’’

Umwe mu rubyiruko rwo mu Mujyi wa Kigali, Shyaka Noella, yabwiye IGIHE ko bimwe mu biri gutera ukwiyongera kw’agahinda gakabije mu rubyiruko rw’u Rwanda ari ibura ry’akazi ndetse n’amakimbirane yo mu miryango, ibituma hari bamwe muri rwo bishora mu biyobyabwenge nko kwiyibagiza ku buryo abo birenze binabaviramo kugerageza kwiyahura.

Ati ‘‘Urubyiruko rwinshi nta kazi rufite, kuba rudafite akazi si urwitwazo rwo kuba rwagira agahinda gakabije, ariko biri mu mpamvu zikomeye. Kuko niba adafite akazi aragenda yicare hariya yitekerezeho abone abandi bari mu kigero kimwe bari gukora, we ntabwo akora arategereza ni mugoroba ko nibava ku kazi babona kuvugana, abone nyine yasigaye inyuma atangire yihebe.’’

‘‘Ikindi ni amakimbirane mu miryango. Ugasanga umwana akuriye mu muryango utumvikana akuze atisanzura ku babyeyi, akuze atitaweho n’ababyeyi, ku buryo cya kibazo ari bugende agahurira na cyo hanze ku ishuri cyangwa mu nshuti atabona uwo abiganiriza kuko ababyeyi be badahuza.’’

Umuyobozi wa RBC ushinzwe ubuvuzi bw’indwara zo mu mutwe, Dr. Jean Damascène Iyamuremye, avuga ko u Rwanda ruri gukaza ingamba mu kongera uburyo bwo kwita ku bafite agahinda gakabije n’ibindi bibazo birimo indwara zo mu mutwe, ndetse izo ngamba zikaba zarakajijwe cyane nyuma y’iyaduka ry’icyorezo cya Covid-19.

Ati ‘‘Hari ibintu byinshi bikorwa kandi hari n’ibyakozwe n’ubwo umuntu atavuga ngo birahagije 100% dukurikije ibibazo bihari. (…) Leta y’u Rwanda imaze kugera ku bigo nderabuzima birenga 70% bifite abantu b’inzobere mu gufasha abantu bafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe.’’

Dr Iyamuremye avuga ko ugereranyije na mbere y’icyohero cya Covid-19, hatari hari ibigo nderabuzima birenze 10% bitanga iyo serivisi, ariko u Rwanda rukaba rufite intego ko mu mpera za 2023 izaba iboneka mu bigo nderabuzima byose ku buryo umuntu wese wabigana afite ikibazo cy’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe ndetse n’agahinda gakabije azajya yitabwaho.

Mu Karere ka Gasabo mu Murenge wa Kinyinya kandi hubatswe ikigo cyatwaye asaga miliyari 2 Frw, kizaba gishinzwe kwita ku bantu bafite ibibazo byo mu mutwe bikomeye, kikaba kizanatangirwamo ubundi buvuzi butari busanzwe butangirwa mu bigo nderabuzima.

Mu 2020 kandi u Rwanda rwamuritse umushinga wo kwita ku buzima bwo mu mutwe mu mashuri (School-Based Mental Health), ugamije guhashya agahinda gakabije no kubungabunga ubuzima bwo mu mutwe mu rubyiruko, bigahera mu mashuri kuko ari na ho hari rwinshi.

Dr. Jean Damascène Iyamuremye avuga ko uyu mushinga watangiye gutanga umusaruro, ku buryo hari icyizere ko uzagira uruhare mu igabanuka ry’abibasirwa n’agahinda gakabije kanabakururira kwiyahura, hakaba n’ibindi u Rwanda rufatanyamo n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye mu kwita ku buzima bwo mu mutwe.